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Critical Thinking in Online Vs. Face-to-Face Higher Education

Ellen Baker Derwin, Ph.D. Abstract: This study compares critical thinking skills for adult learners in online and face-to-face liberal studies classes at a university with locations in California and Washington (N=150). In a between-subjects design, the study analyzed students’ score gains from pre- to post-tests on the California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST). The study also compared students’ grades on critical thinking assignments required at the end of the course. Results showed that there were no significant differences between face-to-face and online learners for the CCTST score gains or the grades on the final assignments. Results are consistent with previous ...

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