Twitter, YouTube, and Another Man’s Shoes

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Two things came across my RSS feeds today that show how technology is impacting our information environment. First, YouTube has added a News Manager (Olivia) to promote Citizen News content:

Second was a blog entry by CNET’s Dan Farber on Twitter as a viable means of spreading information. (See Jon’s last entry below, too.)

I am simultaneously excited by the prospects of such a wide range of information and the complications of it. How do I find the interesting and important stuff? (Certainly not always the same thing. Think Mentos and Diet Coke.) How do I manage the information flows that meet the interesting or important criteria? And a perhaps cautionary concern (or call it cynical) of how I can perform due diligence on all this stuff? How do I determine quickly enough to be useful what is reliable, objective, white-washed, agenda-laden, mean-spirited, or just plain wrong? We see errors enough in the official reporting establishments that suggest this is no easy task (like the go-to CNN footage showing Chinese soldiers in Tibet that turned out to be Nepalese soldiers–oops).

There are continually emerging ways of monitoring information–from RSS feeds, feed consolidators, listservs, trolling MySpace, Facebook, and Twitter, and, or course, just hearing about things from friends. For me, the challenge is to make sure that I am not just keeping up with information, but trying to achieve a balance in perspective. (My husband John reads the front pages of 30 foreign language papers for this, when he is not actually visiting the places he’s curious about–he reads a lot faster than I do, language issues notwithstanding)

While I frequently wonder how these bloggers, emailers, and YouTubers know so many interesting people, I remind myself that generally our sources are self-selected, and therefore make it unlikely that we get opinions from the “other side” whatever that might be. With the abundance of information, it becomes all the easier to reaffirm our own points of view. To give a nod to cognitive psychology, it really cuts down on the cognitive dissonance and that pesky discomfort that comes from uncertainty.

The challenge is to make sure that knowing all this stuff doesn’t make us so scared that we don’t want to know it. There are no shortage of advice from dignitaries such as Yogi Berra, Will Rogers, and St. Augustin about seeing things from another’s point of view. It turns out a lot of things are at stake, just ask the social and political scientists who spend time trying to resolve intergroup conflict.

The worst kinds of intractable conflict starts with fear in our own brains. The great thing about the new journalism is that it’s not linear; it comes at you from everywhere. A lot of people worry about this, but I think it’s a good thing. With luck, a bunch of stuff will sneak in our brains that we hardly notice and wedge us out of our comfort zone into seeing a bigger picture.

Looking from both sides

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I recently heard from a friend in China in response to my blog entry (March 28, 2008) about perceptions of misrepresentation of Chinese events by Western media. I found his remarks fascinating and a good reminder that we have to understand each other (interpersonally, internationally and intergalactically) in order to avoid misunderstandings. Attributing intentionality and meaning is risky business if you can’t look from the other side. Talking about the incident in which CNN commentator Jack Cafferty made some (what I consider to be) irresponsible remarks about China in the wake of the Olympic torch protests, my friend Michael writes:

I met with a Canadian friend on Sunday in Chengdu, who is a professor working with the National Film Board, and we exchanged opinions on the recent Cafferty issue. I said that the Chinese and Western people have very different understandings on the role of media and their relationship with the government. While the Western people tend to think that what the media, in general, say and do should not represent their governments’ points of view because of the freedoms of speech and press, the Chinese are more likely to think that, no matter what, a government ultimately has a say on its own media, because it has the right to license the permit to the media. So, basically, the conclusion from the Chinese side is that if a media personality said something derogatory toward China, then the government must be behind this scheme, either obviously or through acquiescence, especially when the media enjoys a national or international reputation, because it means to the Chinese that this particular media must be very serious and represent the national voice.

It seems that, for the average Chinese, CNN is comparable to the international channel of the American state television, while its counterpart in U.K. is BBC. Psychologically speaking, because of the above reasons, I think the Chinese people would not consider Cafferty’s comments as an individual TV personality’s opinion but as a general attack from the American government. To put it in another way, it’s not seen as a CNN/China thing but as the U.S./China. That’s why it enraged so many Chinese young people, or else, in China, no one cares about what an obscure person says. Actually, barely anyone knew about Cafferty before such a thing took place.

Designing for the Small Screen

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At the recent Broadcast Educators Association Festival in Las Vegas, colleagues Garry Hare, Bonnie Buckner, Sean Thoennes, and MPRC Executive Director Erik Gregory gave a brilliant panel presentation on different aspects and considerations of designing media for a small screen. (You can read Bonnie’s paper on the cognitive psychology of small screen presentations in the Spring issues of The Media Psychology Review, which will be online by the end of May.) This chart, from an fascinating special edition of the Economist, underscores the rapidity of change in the media environment and the timeliness of their presentation.

Mobile phone users

The shift toward cell phones, in this example, also emphasizes the importance of using psychology to successfully design and implement media technologies that effectively deliver information and education, not just entertainment. The mobility and cost-effectiveness of smaller scale technologies offer tremendous promise for improving educational opportunities to underserved populations. And if it also lets you work from the local Starbucks, so much the better!

The Brain is a Muscle, too: Lifting too Little Isn’t Effective or Interesting

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A recent report says that while cardiovascular strength adds up, lifting weights that are too light doesn’t do much to build muscle. It is important to tax the muscles to get them to respond. The same is true in learning. If you don’t have to try, you won’t get much result. Setting and measuring progress toward goals and targets–in life, education, and fitness training–are the way to build strength and ability.

We all know that to achieve learning you must have engagement. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (pronounced chick-sent-me-high), the architect of the concept of flow and one of the fathers of Positive Psychology, studies engagement as an element of flow. People (of all ages) enter a flow state when they are fully absorbed in an activity which challenges their abilities so that they are using their skills to the utmost (i.e. building brain muscles). The result is complete involvement, optimal performance and achievement, and great satisfaction. The next time you see your kid fully absorbed in a video game, ask yourself what is creating the engagement before you pull the plug.

One of our goals at the Media Psychology Research Center in our collaboration with Fablevision is to bridge the gap between positive psychology, new technologies, and education in the trenches. There are extraordinary opportunities to engage kids using technology but we need to start with educating the teachers. If teachers are not trained to integrate and appreciate what technology has to offer, it doesn’t matter how wonderful the technological opportunities are, they won’t get used. According to Plato Learning and Education World, only one-third of teachers report that they feel prepared to use computers for classroom instruction, and 77% report spending 32 or fewer hours on technology-related professional development activities. Anecdotally, my daughter Katie, who graduated from Columbia’s Teachers College was surprised at how few of her peers were interested or able to integrate technology in the classroom. I had assumed that the new generation of teachers would be both technologically savvy and chomping at the bit. Thus, if you can extrapolate individual experience, there is still a lot of work to be done. The good news is that there is huge potential on the upside once new learning models involving technology get in the system.

Media Psychology at work: Jean-Pierre Isbouts’ “Young Jesus”

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This Easter Sunday, at 10:00 AM, Los Angeles PBS affiliate KCLS will air Fielding media psychology faculty Jean-Pierre Isbouts’ TV special, “Young Jesus: An Interfaith Perspective.” This is a fascinating 1-hour special, which also aired on Good Friday during prime time, hosted by Jean-Pierre and based on his new book “Young Jesus: Restoring the Lost Years of a Social Activist and Religious Dissident,” which was officially released by Sterling/Barnes & Noble this week.

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The film features a roster of top scholars whom Jean-Pierre interviewed over the past few years, including Profs. Elaine Pagels, Bruce Chilton, Jacob Neusner, Peter Awn, Frank Peters, UCLA’s Khaled Abou El Fadl and Rabbi Peter Rubenstein, as well as a wonderful CG reconstruction of Caesarea, Herod’s high-tech harbor on Judea’s Mediterranean coast.

In addition to teaching at Fielding, Jean-Pierre is the owner of Pantheon Studios. Jean-Pierre is an excellent example of a media psychologist as a scholar and practitioner, using his extraordinary talent and expertise to both educate and promote cross-cultural understanding. He is also one example, among several, of the dedicated faculty bringing scholarship, expertise, and applied opportunities to the Fielding media psychology program.

If you would like to set your Tivos, KCLS is usually carried on Channel 58 in the Los Angeles area.

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